Engineering Geology

Branches of geology useful to civil engineering, scope of geological studies in various civil engineering projects. Department dealing with this subject in India and their scope of work- GSI, Granite Dimension Stone Cell, NIRM. Mineralogy-Mineral, Origin and composition. Physical properties of minerals, susceptibility of minerals to alteration, basic of optical mineralogy, SEM, XRD., Rock forming minerals, mega scopic identification of common primary & secondary minerals.

Introduction and importance of Geological knowledge. Rocks: their origin, structure and texture. Classification of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and their suitability as engineering materials, Weathering and erosion of rocks, Stratification, Lamination bedding.Outcrop-its relation to topography. Dip and Strike of bed. Overlap, outlier and Inlier. Building stones and their engineering properties.

Physical properties of minerals. Detailed study of certain rock forming minerals. Alkaliaggregate reaction. Grouting. Pozzolonic materials.

Folds, Faults, Joints and unconformities: Their classification, causes and relation to engineering behavior of rock masses. Landslides, its causes and preventive measures. Earthquake, its causes, classification, seismic zones of India and its geological consideration.

Geophysical exploration methods for sub-surface structure. Underground water and its origin. Aquifer & Aquiclude. Artesian wells. Underground provinces and its role as geological hazard. Site selection for dam, reservoir, tunnel, bridge and highway.