Measurement & Metrology

Mechanical Measurements: Introduction to measurement and measuring instruments. General concept– Generalized measurement system and its elements-Unit sand standards- measuring instruments: sensitivity, stability, range, accuracy and precision-static and dynamic response- repeatability-systematic, Source of error, statistical analysis of error and random errors- correction, calibration. Dimensional and geometric tolerance Sensors and Transducers: Types of sensors, types of transducers and their characteristics.

Time Related Measurements: Stroboscope, frequency measurement by direct comparison. Measurement of displacement Measurement of Pressure: Gravitational, directing acting, elastic and indirect type pressure transducers. Measurement of very low pressures (high vacuum). Strain Measurement: Types of strain gauges and their working, strain gauge circuits, temperature compensation. Strain rosettes, calibration.

Flow Measurement: Hot Wire Anemometry, Laser Doppler Velocimetry, Rotameter. Temperature Measurement: Thermometers, bimetallic thermocouples, thermistors and pyrometers. Measurements of Force & Torque: Different types of load cells, elastic transducers, pneumatic & hydraulic systems. Seismic instruments.

Metrology and Inspection: Standards of linear measurement, line and end standards. Interchange ability and standardization. Linear and angular measurements devices and systems Comparators: Sigma, Johansson’s Microkrator, Limit gauges classification, Taylor’s Principle of Gauge Design.

Limits, Fits &Tolerance and Surface roughness: Introduction to Limits, Fits, Tolerances and IS standards, Limit-gauges, and surface-roughness. Measurement of geometric forms like straightness, flatness, roundness. Tool makers microscope, profile projector, autocollimator. Interferometry: principle and use of interferometry, optical flat. Measurement of screw threads and gears. Surface texture: quantitative evaluation of surface roughness and its measurement.