Digital Measurement Techniques

Digital Time Measurement Techniques: Measurement of time interval between two events, Error in time interval measurement, Vernier technique for small time measurement, Measurement of time interval with constraints, Measurement of periodic time, phase, Time interval between two events defined by voltage levels, Capacitance, Quality factor of ringing circuit, Decibel meter

Measurement of frequency, Ratio of two frequencies, Product of two frequencies, High frequency, average Frequency difference, Deviation of power frequency, Peak frequency. Fast low-frequency measurement.

Single mode switching, Group mode switching, Resistors, Potentiometers, Amplifiers, Schmitt trigger, Dual polarity gain amplifiers. Programmable gain amplifier with dual output, Two stage programming, Programmable Biquads.

Output Input relation, DACs derived from programmable gain amplifiers, Weighted-resistor DAC, Weighted current DAC, Weighted reference voltage DAC, Ladder DAC, Switches.

Sampling theorem, Time-division multiplexing, Quantization, Indirect type A/D converters, Direct type A/D converters, Input circuitry of a digital voltmeter.