Introduction: Basic concepts of free surface flows, velocity and pressure distribution, Mass, energy and momentum principle for prismatic and non-prismatic channels critical, subcritical and super-critical type of flows. Critical depth, concepts of specific energy and specific force. Chezy’s and Manning’s equations for uniform flow in open channel, Velocity distribution, most efficient channel section,
Energy-Depth relationship: Application of specific energy principle for interpretation of open channel phenomena, flow through vertical and horizontal contractions. Equation of gradually varied flow and its limitations, flow classification and surface profiles, integration of varied flow equation by analytical, graphical and numerical methods.
Rapidly varied flow: Hydraulic jump; Evaluation of the jump elements in rectangular channels on horizontal beds, energy dissipaters, open channel surge, celerity of the gravity wave, deep and shallow water waves.
Pumps: - reciprocating pumps , centrifugal pumps: operation, velocity triangles, performance curves, cavitation, multi staging, selection of pumps.
Impulse and reaction turbines; Pelton Turbine, equations for jet and rotor size, efficiency, Francis and Kaplan type, unit quantities, similarity laws and specific speed, cavitation, characteristic curves.
After completion of the course student will be able to:
This subject is on page 14 of the original AKTU PDF.
