Automotive Chassis & Suspension

Chassis Layouts and Frames Definition of Chassis, Types of Chassis Layout with reference to Power Plant Location and Drive Automotive Frames ‐ Material Selection and its Constructional Details, Various types, Different Loads acting on Frame, Testing of Automotive Frames.

Transmission: Clutches‐ Requirements and its types, Gear Box: Need and requirements, Types of manual gear boxes, Gear ratio Calculation. Drive Line: Propeller Shaft ‐ Design Considerations & Constructional Details, Universal Joints, Constant Velocity Joints, Hotchkiss Drive, Torque Tube Drive, Radius Rods and Stabilizers, Final drive ‐ Different types, Multi‐axle Vehicles, Differential ‐ Working Principle and Constructional Details, Non–Slip Differential, Differential Locks.

Suspension System: Need; factors influencing ride comfort; types; suspension springs‐leaf spring, coil spring & torsion bar; spring materials; independent suspension; rubber suspension; pneumatic suspension; hydraulic suspension, shock absorbers‐liquid & gas filled. Braking Systems: Stopping Distance, Braking Efficiency, Weight Transfer during Braking, Drum Brakes ‐ Constructional Details, Leading and Trailing Shoe, Braking Torque, Disc Brake ‐ Types and Constructional Details, Hydraulic Braking System, Pneumatic Braking System, Power–Assisted Braking System, Factors affecting brake performance, operating temperature, Area of brake lining, clearance.

Axles: Live and Dead Axles, Constructional Details, Different Types of Loads acting on Drive Axles, Rear Axle Shaft Supporting Types: Semi Floating, Full Floating, Three Quarter Floating, Axle Housings and Types Steering System: Types of Front Axles and Stub Axles, Front Wheel Geometry, Condition for True Rolling Motion of Wheels during Steering, Steering Mechanisms, Steering Error Curve, Steering Linkages, Different Types of Steering Gears, Slip Angle, Over Steer and Under Steer, Reversible and Irreversible Steering, Hydraulic Power Assisted Steering, Turning Radius Calculation.

Wheels and Tyres: Types of Wheels, Construction, Structure and Function, Forces acting on wheels, Wheel Dimensions, Wheel Balancing, and Wheel Alignment. Structure and Function of Tyres, Static and Dynamic Properties of Pneumatic Tyres, Types of Tyres, Materials, Tyre Section & Designation, Factors affecting Tyre Life, Tyre Rotation. Bearings: Functions; classification of bearings; bearing materials; automotive bearings. Recent Trends in Chassis Systems: Special Steering Columns, 4 wheel steering system, Electric Power Steering, Anti–Lock Braking System, Traction Control Systems, Electronic Brake force Distribution Systems, Corner Stability Control, Hill Assist, and Autonomous Braking System.