Aerodynamics-I

Two Dimensional Ideal Fluid Flow Various types of fluid flow, Newton’s law of viscosity, linear and angular deformations, path line, streamline equations, angular velocity, circulation, vorticity, vortex tube rotational & irrotational flow. Stream function and potential functions & relation between them, Kelvin’s theorem, Kutta- Joukowski theorem for lift, Aerodynamic forces on aircraft, Types of aircraft wings, aspect ratio, aerodynamic center and center of pressure, Substantial derivative, continuity and momentum equations, impulse equations &resultant forces and direction.

Viscous Flow Theory Navier-Stoke's equations, Exact solutions of flow through channel (Couette flow) & flow through pipe (Poiseiulle flow), Velocities, stress and pressure distribution in these flows, Blasius solution of laminar flow, Boundary layer theory, Laminar and turbulent boundary layers, Boundary layer separation and its control. Suction, blowing of boundary layer, Boundary layer thickness and momentum thickness of laminar and turbulent, average skin friction coefficients and Drag force due to skin friction coefficients.

Complex Potential Its properties and applications to various flows such as uniform flow, source & sink flow, vortex flow, corner flow, source & sink doublet flow, vortex doublet flow, full and half body Rankine flow, stationery and rotating cylinder. Blasius Theorem, general expressions for lifts and drags on a body, According to Blasius Theorem. Types of Vortex, interaction and superimpose of vortices, Induced velocity due to vortices interaction, Nomenclature of airfoil & characteristics and types of airfoils.

Thin Airfoil Theory (2-D Wing Theory) Concept of circulation, generation of lift on thin airfoil, Vortex sheet, Kutta condition on thin airfoil, thin airfoil theory, Lift and pitching moment coefficient of flat plate (symmetric airfoil) and curved plates (cambered airfoils), Effect of flaps on aerodynamic coefficients. Mapping of flow fields, Joukowski transformation theorem, Joukowski transformation of circles into airfoil shapes, elliptical airfoil, Determination of pressure and velocity distributions on an airfoil.

Lifting line theory (Finite Wing Theory) Bound vortex and starting vortex, Vortex system of wing, horse-shoe vortex. Helmholtz’s theorems, Biot-Savart's law, Induced velocity (downwash) of infinite, semi-infinite and finite filaments. Prandtl's classical lifting line theory, elliptic lift distribution, influence of aspect ratio on lift and drag, drag polar and lift correlation to aspect ratio. Calculation of lift and vortex induced drag, Panel methods: General description of the panel methods.